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Tiger are the largest and heaviest cats found in the wild. Although different subspecies of tiger have different characteristics, in general male tigers weigh between 200 and 320 kg (440 lb and 700 lb) and females between 120 and 181 kg (265 lb and 400 lb). At an average, males are between 2.6 and 3.3 meters (8 feet 6 inches to 10 feet 8 inch) in length, and females are between 2.3 and 2.75 metres (7 ft 6 in and 9 ft) in length. Of the living subspecies, Sumatran tigers are the smallest, and Amur or Siberian tigers are the largest.Most tigers have orange coats, a fair (whitish) medial and ventral area and stripes that vary from brown or hay to pure black. The form and density of stripes differs between subspecies, but most tigers have in excess of 100 stripes. The now-extinct Javan tiger may have had far more than this. The pattern of stripes is unique to each animal, and thus could potentially be used to identify individuals, much in the same way as fingerprints are used to identify people. This is not, however, a preferred method of identification, due to the difficulty of recording the stripe pattern of a wild tiger. It seems likely that the function of stripes is camouflage, serving to hide these animals from their prey. The stripe pattern is found on a tiger's skin and if shaved, its distinctive camouflage pattern would be preserved.Like most cats, tigers are believed to have some degree of colour vision.[There is a well-known mutation that produces the white tiger, an animal which is rare in the wild, but widely bred in zoos due to its popularity. The white tiger is not a separate sub-species, but only a colour variation. There are also unconfirmed reports of a "blue" or slate-coloured tiger, and largely or totally black tigers, and these are assumed, if real, to be intermittent mutations rather than distinct species.Most tigers live in forests or grasslands, for which their camouflage is ideally suited, and where it is easy to hunt prey that are faster or more agile. Among the big cats, only the tiger and jaguar are strong swimmers; tigers are often found bathing in ponds, lakes, and rivers. Tiger hunt alone and eat primarily medium to large sized herbivores such as sambar deer, wild pigs, gaur, water buffalo, and domestic cattle. They also kill such formidable predators as sloth bear, dogs, leopards, crocodiles and pythons as prey, and occasionally prey on creatures as small as langurs, peacocks and hares. Old and injured tigers have been known to attack humans or domestic cattle and are then termed as man-eaters or cattle-lifters which often leads to them being captured, shot or poisoned.Adult elephants are too dangerous to tigers to serve as common prey, but conflicts between tuskers and tigers sometimes take place, which often end up with the tuskers backed off by the big cat. Like other cats, tigers can scavenge for food, and juvenile tigers may rely heavily upon scavenging for survival.Tiger often ambush their prey as other cats do, overpowering their prey from any angle, using their body size and strength to knock prey off balance. Even with great masses, Tiger can reach speeds of about 60km/h (37mph). Once prone, the tiger bites the back of the neck, often breaking the prey's spinal cord, piercing the windpipe, or severing the jugular vein or carotid artery. Tiger prefer to bite the throats of large prey. After biting, the tiger then uses its muscled forelimbs to hold onto the prey, bringing it to the ground. The tiger remains latched onto the neck until its prey dies.Powerful swimmers, tigers are known to kill prey while swimming.The Sundarbans mangrove swamps of Bengal have had a higher incidence of man-eaters, where some healthy tigers have been known to hunt humans as prey.In the wild, tigers can leap as high as 5 m and as far as 9-10 m, making them one of the highest-jumping mammals (just slightly behind cougars in jumping ability).They have been reported to carry domestic livestock weighing 50 kg while easily jumping over fences 2 m high. Their forelimbs, massive and heavily muscled, are used to hold tightly onto the prey and to avoid being dislodged, especially by large prey such as gaurs. Gaurs and water buffalo weighing over a ton have been killed by tigers weighing about a sixth as much. A single tremendous blow of the paw can kill a full-grown wolf or human, or can heavily injure a 150 kg Sambar deer. Tiger parts are used in traditional Chinese medicines. Many people in China believe that tiger parts have medicinal properties. There is no scientific corroboration to these beliefs, which include:The tail of the tiger is sometimes ground and mixed with soap to create an ointment for use in treating skin cancer. The bones found in the tip of the tiger's tail are said to ward off evil spirits. Crushed tiger bones added to wine serves as a Taiwanese general tonic. The feet of a tiger, when dipped in palm oil and hung in front of a door is said to diminish the likelihood of evil spirits from entering. Tiger's skin is said to cure a fever caused by ghosts. In order to use it effectively, the user must sit on the tiger's skin, but beware. If too much time is spent on the tiger's skin, legend says the user will become a tiger. Adding honey to the gallstones and applying the combination to the hands and feet is said to effectively treat abscesses. Burnt tiger hair can allegedly drive away centipedes. Mixing the brain of a tiger with oil and rubbing the mixture on your body is an alleged cure for both laziness and acne. Rolling the eyeballs into pills is an alleged remedy for convulsions. If whiskers are kept as a charm, legend says one will be protected against bullets and have increased courage. One will allegedly possess courage and shall be protected from sudden fright if you wear a tiger's claw as a piece of jewelry or carry one in your pocket. Strength, cunning, and courage can allegedly be obtained by consuming a tiger's heart. Floating ribs of a tiger are considered a good luck talisman. The tiger's penis is said to be an aphrodisiac. Small bones in a tiger's feet tied to a child's wrists are said to be a sure cure for convulsions. The Tiger is the national animal of: Bangladesh (Royal Bengal Tiger) China, along with Dragon and Panda; the Tiger is the unofficial symbol India (Royal Bengal Tiger) Malaysia Nepal (Royal Bengal Tiger) North Korea (Siberian Tiger) South Korea (Siberian Tiger) Former Nazi Germany along with the black eagle (currently it is the black eagle (Bundesadler) (official) and leopard (unofficial)) Former USSR (Siberian Tiger) (currently it is the Bear and golden bicephalic eagle) From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia